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Compare Qatar (2001) - Saint Martin (2008)

Compare Qatar (2001) z Saint Martin (2008)

 Qatar (2001)Saint Martin (2008)
 QatarSaint Martin
Administrative divisions 9 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ad Dawhah, Al Ghuwayriyah, Al Jumayliyah, Al Khawr, Al Wakrah, Ar Rayyan, Jarayan al Batinah, Madinat ash Shamal, Umm Salal -
Age structure 0-14 years:
25.77% (male 101,155; female 97,086)

15-64 years:
71.75% (male 391,178; female 160,665)

65 years and over:
2.48% (male 13,625; female 5,443) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products fruits, vegetables; poultry, dairy products, beef; fish -
Airports 4 (2000 est.) 1
Airports - with paved runways total:
2

over 3,047 m:
2 (2000 est.)		 total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
11,437 sq km

land:
11,437 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: 54.4 sq km


land: 54.4 sq km


water: NEGL
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Connecticut more than one-third the size of Washington, DC
Background Ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid-1800s, Qatar transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant oil and natural gas revenues. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Qatari economy was crippled by a continuous siphoning off of petroleum revenues by the amir who had ruled the country since 1972. He was overthrown by his son, the current Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, in a bloodless coup in 1995. In 2001, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. Oil and natural gas revenues enable Qatar to have a per capita income not far below the leading industrial countries of Western Europe. Although sighted by Christopher COLUMBUS in 1493 and claimed for Spain, it was the Dutch who occupied the island in 1631 and set about exploiting its salt deposits. The Spanish retook the island in 1633, but continued to be harassed by the Dutch. The Spanish finally relinquished St. Martin to the French and Dutch, who divided it amongst themselves in 1648. The cultivation of sugar cane introduced slavery to the island in the late 18th century; the practice was not abolished until 1848. The island became a free port in 1939; the tourism industry was dramatically expanded during the 1970s and 1980s. In 2003, the populace of St. Martin voted to secede from Guadeloupe and in 2007, the northern portion of the island became a French overseas collectivity.
Birth rate 15.91 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$3.9 billion

expenditures:
$4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)		 -
Capital Doha name: Marigot


geographical coordinates: 18 04 N, 63 05 W


time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)


daylight savings: +1 hour
Climate desert; hot, dry; humid and sultry in summer temperature averages 80-85 degrees all year long; low humidity, gentle trade winds, brief, intense rain showers; July-Novemeber is the hurricane season
Coastline 563 km 58.9 km (for entire island)
Constitution provisional constitution enacted 19 April 1972; in July 1999 Amir HAMAD issued a decree forming a committee to draft a permanent constitution 4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form:
State of Qatar

conventional short form:
Qatar

local long form:
Dawlat Qatar

local short form:
Qatar

note:
closest approximation of the native pronunciation falls between cutter and gutter, but not like guitar		 conventional long form: Overseas Collectivity of Saint Martin


conventional short form: Saint Martin


local long form: Collectivity d'outre mer de Saint-Martin


local short form: Saint-Martin
Currency Qatari rial (QAR) -
Death rate 4.26 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $13.1 billion (2000 est.) -
Dependency status - overseas collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Elizabeth Davenport MCKUNE

embassy:
22 February Road, Doha

mailing address:
P. O. Box 2399, Doha

telephone:
[974] 488 4101

FAX:
[974] 488 4298

note:
workweek is Saturday-Wednesday		 none (overseas collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Badr Umar al-DAFA

chancery:
4200 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016

telephone:
[1] (202) 274-1600

FAX:
[1] (202) 237-0061

consulate(s) general:
Houston		 none (overseas collectivity of France)
Disputes - international in March of 2001, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) awarded the Hawar Islands to Bahrain and adjusted its maritime boundary with Qatar; a final border resolution was agreed to with Saudi Arabia in March of 2001 -
Economic aid - recipient $NA -
Economy - overview Oil accounts for more than 30% of GDP, roughly 80% of export earnings, and 66% of government revenues. Proved oil reserves of 3.7 billion barrels should ensure continued output at current levels for 23 years. Oil has given Qatar a per capita GDP comparable to that of the leading West European industrial countries. Qatar's proved reserves of natural gas exceed 7 trillion cubic meters, more than 5% of the world total, third largest in the world. Production and export of natural gas are becoming increasingly important. Long-term goals feature the development of offshore petroleum and the diversification of the economy. In 2000, Qatar posted its highest ever trade surplus of $6 billion, due mainly to high oil prices and increased natural gas exports. The economy of Saint Martin centers around tourism with 85% of the labor force engaged in this sector. Over one million visitors come to the island each year with most arriving through the Princess Juliana International Airport in Sint Maarten. No significant agriculture and limited local fishing means that almost all food must be imported. Energy resources and manufactured goods are also imported, primarily from Mexico and the United States. Saint Martin is reported to have the highest per capita income in the Caribbean.
Electricity - consumption 8.37 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 9 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Persian Gulf 0 m

highest point:
Qurayn Abu al Bawl 103 m		 lowest point: Caribbean Ocean 0 m


highest point: Pic du Paradis 424 m
Environment - current issues limited natural fresh water resources are increasing dependence on large-scale desalination facilities fresh water supply is dependent on desalinization of sea water
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea		 -
Ethnic groups Arab 40%, Pakistani 18%, Indian 18%, Iranian 10%, other 14% creole (mulatto), black, Guadeloupe Mestizo (French-East Asia), white, East Indian
Exchange rates Qatari rials per US dollar - 3.6400 (fixed rate) euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state:
Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani (since 27 June 1995 when, as crown prince, he ousted his father, Amir KHALIFA bin Hamad Al Thani, in a bloodless coup); Crown Prince JASSIM bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, third son of the monarch (selected crown prince by the monarch 22 October 1996); note - Amir HAMAD also holds the positions of minister of defense and commander-in-chief of the armed forces

head of government:
Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Khalifa Al Thani, brother of the monarch (since 30 October 1996); Deputy Prime Minister MUHAMMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, brother of the monarch (since 20 January 1998)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary

note:
in March 1999 Qatar held nationwide elections for a 29-member Central Municipal Council, which has consultative powers aimed at improving the provision of municipal services		 chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007), represented by Prefect Dominique LACROIX (since 21 March 2007)


head of government: President of the Territorial Council Louis-Constant FLEMING (since 16 July 2007)


cabinet: Executive Council; note - there is also an advisory economic, social, and cultural council


election: French president elected by popular vote to a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the Territorial Council is elected by the members of the Council for a five-year term


election results: Louis-Constant FLEMING unanimously elected president by the Territorial Council on 16 July 2007
Exports $9.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) -
Exports - commodities petroleum products 80%, fertilizers, steel -
Exports - partners Japan 52%, Singapore 9%, South Korea 8%, US, UAE (1998) -
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March -
Flag description maroon with a broad white serrated band (nine white points) on the hoist side the flag of France is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $15.1 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
1%

industry:
49%

services:
50% (1996 est.)		 agriculture: 1%


industry: 15%


services: 84% (2000)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $20,300 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 4% (2000 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 25 30 N, 51 15 E 18 05 N, 63 57 W
Geography - note strategic location in central Persian Gulf near major petroleum deposits the island of Saint Martin is the smallest landmass in the World shared by two independent states, the French territory of Saint Martin and the Dutch territory of Sint Maarten
Heliports 1 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
1,230 km

paved:
1,107 km

unpaved:
123 km (1996)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Imports $3.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) -
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, food, chemicals crude petroleum, food, manufactured items
Imports - partners UK 10%, Japan 8%, Germany 6%, US 6%, Italy 6% (1998) US, Mexico (2006)
Independence 3 September 1971 (from UK) none (overseas collectivity of France)
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries crude oil production and refining, fertilizers, petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement tourism, light industry and manufacturing, heavy industry
Infant mortality rate 21.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.5% (2000) -
International organization participation ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDB, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land 80 sq km (1993 est.) -
Judicial branch Court of Appeal -
Labor force 233,000 (1993 est.) -
Labor force - by occupation - 85% directly or indirectly employed in tourist industry
Land boundaries total:
60 km

border countries:
Saudi Arabia 60 km		 total: 15 km


border countries: Netherlands Antilles (Sint Maarten) 15 km
Land use arable land:
1%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
5%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
94% (1993 est.)		 -
Languages Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language French (official language), English, Dutch, French Patois, Spanish, Papiamento (dialect of Netherlands Antilles)
Legal system discretionary system of law controlled by the amir, although civil codes are being implemented; Islamic law is significant in personal matters the laws of France, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral Advisory Council or Majlis al-Shura (35 seats; members appointed)

note:
the constitution calls for elections for part of this consultative body, but no elections have been held since 1970, when there were partial elections to the body; Council members have their terms extended every four years since		 unicameral Territorial Council (23 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 1 and 8 July 2007 (next to be held July 2012)


election results: percent of seats by party - UPP 49%, RRR 42.2%, Reussir Saint-Martin 8.9%; seats by party - UPP 16, RRR 6, Reussir Saint-Martin 1
Life expectancy at birth total population:
72.62 years

male:
70.16 years

female:
75.21 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
79%

male:
79%

female:
80% (1995 est.)		 -
Location Middle East, peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia island 300 km southeast of Puerto Rico
Map references Middle East Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

exclusive economic zone:
as determined by bilateral agreements or the median line

territorial sea:
12 NM		 -
Merchant marine total:
25 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 677,992 GRT/1,049,447 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 10, combination ore/oil 2, container 7, petroleum tanker 6 (2000 est.)		 -
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force, Public Security -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $723 million (FY00/01) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 10% (FY00/01) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
312,116

note:
includes non-nationals (2001 est.)		 -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
163,642 (2001 est.)		 -
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
6,797 (2001 est.)		 -
National holiday Independence Day, 3 September (1971) Bastille Day, 14 July (1789); note - local holiday is Schoalcher Day (Slavery Abolition Day) 12 July (1848)
Nationality noun:
Qatari(s)

adjective:
Qatari		 -
Natural hazards haze, dust storms, sandstorms common -
Natural resources petroleum, natural gas, fish salt
Net migration rate 20.12 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Pipelines crude oil 235 km; natural gas 400 km -
Political parties and leaders none Union Pour le Progres or UPP [Louis Constant FLEMING]; Rassemblement Responsabilite Reussite or RRR [Alain RICHARDSON]; Reussir Saint-Martin [Jean-Luc HAMLET]
Political pressure groups and leaders none -
Population 769,152 (July 2001 est.) 33,102 (October 2004 census)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 3.18% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors Doha, Halul Island, Umm Sa'id (Musay'id) -
Radio broadcast stations AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (1998) FM 3 (2007)
Radios 256,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Muslim 95% Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witness, Protestant, Hindu
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
2.43 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
2.5 male(s)/female

total population:
1.92 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage suffrage is limited to municipal elections 18 years of age, universal
Telephone system general assessment:
modern system centered in Doha

domestic:
NA

international:
tropospheric scatter to Bahrain; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and UAE; submarine cable to Bahrain and UAE; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat		 general assessment: fully integrated access


domestic: direct dial capability with both fixed and wireless systems


international: country code - 590; undersea fiber-optic cable provides voice and data connectivity to Puerto Rico and Gudaloupe
Telephones - main lines in use 142,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 43,476 (1997) -
Television broadcast stations 2 (plus three repeaters) (1997) -
Terrain mostly flat and barren desert covered with loose sand and gravel -
Total fertility rate 3.17 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Transportation - note - nearest airport for international flights is Princess Juliana International Airport (SXM) located in Sint Maarten
Unemployment rate NA% -
Waterways none -
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